qartuli seqs istoriebi
The modern Georgian state has its origins in the medieval kingdom of Egrisi-Tbilisi, which in the mid-10th century became a vassal state of the Byzantine Empire. In 1004, the king of Georgia, Bagrat III, successfully defended his realm from an invasion by the Byzantine general George Maniakes. This success marked the beginning of the Georgian Golden Age, which would last until the mid-15th century.
In 1021, the Georgian king Bagrat IV made an alliance with the Byzantine Empire against the Seljuk Turks. In 1082, after the Seljuk Turks had invaded Anatolia, King David IV sent an army under the command of the general Demetrius I Polirogoti to resist the Seljuk invasion. The Georgians, led by David IV himself, decisively defeated the Seljuk Turks at the Battle of Manzikert, and the rise of the Georgian Kingdom can be dated from this event.
From the thirteenth century onward, Georgia began to come into a more and more direct contact with the various European states. In 1200, the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II granted Georgia a charter of liberties. In 1201, he founded the Cities of Tbilisi and Constanţa in the territory of present-day Georgia. In 1204, he began a military expedition against the Byzantine Empire, which resulted in the Treaty of Devol, by which Georgia became a vassal state of the Empire. In 1222, the Hungarian king Andrew II arrived in Georgia with a large army. After defeating the Georgian army, he imposed a crushing tax burden on the country.
Under King George VI, Georgia pursued a policy of neutrality in the conflict between the Ottoman Empire and the European states. However, in the early 16th century, Georgia became heavily involved in the wars between the two empires, first as an ally of the Empire and later as an enemy. In 1553, the Ottoman sultan Suleiman the Magnificent defeated the Georgian army at the Battle of Safaviyya, which marked the end of the Georgian Golden Age and the beginning of the Georgian Interlude.
In 1783, Russia under Alexander Suvorov captured Tbilisi from the Ottoman Empire. In 1801, the Congress of Vienna restored Georgia to the Russian Empire as a placethe Tatars of the Crimea had deposed the last legitimate Georgian king, George III, in 1795. From 1801 to 1827, the Russian centralized government applied severe measures in pursuit of national unification. These measures included a policy of forced assimilation of the Georgian population, which led to the deportation of hundreds of thousands of Georgian nationals.
In 1813, after the Russian army had invaded Georgia to support the cause of a revolt against the Ottoman Empire, the southern Russian viceroys declared war on Georgia. In 1828, the Treaty of Gulistan was signed, by which Georgia ceded the entire region of Kartli-Iberia to the Russian Empire. In 1841–1843, the Russo-Turkish War resulted in the Treaty of Erzurum, by which the eastern Georgian territories of Kartli-Iberia and Kakheti were ceded to the Ottoman Empire.
In June 1792, a group of Georgian philosopher- academics, led by Ilia Chavchavadze, petitioned the Russian Academy of Sciences for the establishment of a Georgian Academy of Sciences. The petition was not successful, and the Georgian Academy of Sciences did not come into existence until 1858.
Related keys:
- 3d sex videos
- magari qalebis tynauli da seqsebi
- sex massage video
- lamazi erotika
- sex grls
- cxenis da kalis seksi
- crazy sex video
- love end sex
- armianski sex
- სექსი შეყვარებულთან
- admin18, Jan, 2023 sex
